Medicinal Plants Part II
Jone Tiffany, Anoka County Extension Master Gardener
In Part I of this series, I discussed the use of chamomile (matricaria chamomilla) and purple coneflower (echinacea). In Part II, I will discuss how Calendula (Calendula officinalis) also known as Mayweed, and Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) can be utilized for medicinal purposes.
Calendula (calendula officinalis) commonly known as pot marigold, is a vibrant orange or yellow flowering plant widely used in herbal medicine. Calendula is prized for its healing properties and versatility. Its flowers, the main medicinal part, are used in various forms including teas, tinctures, ointments, and creams. One of the well-known benefits of calendula is its ability to promote wound healing. The plant contains a rich array of compounds that contribute to calendula’s ability to reduce swelling, inhibit infection, and stimulate tissue regeneration. Calendula salves or creams are commonly applied to minor cuts, burns, abrasions, insect bites, and even post-surgical wounds to support skin repair and reduce scarring.
Calendula is also used to soothe skin conditions like eczema, dermatitis, and diaper rash. Its anti-inflammatory effects help reduce redness, itching, and irritation, making it an effective option for sensitive skin. In addition to topical use, calendula can be consumed internally in the form of tea or tincture for its digestive and immune-supporting properties. Calendula tea is traditionally used to treat gastritis, ulcers, and inflammatory bowel conditions due to its anti-inflammatory actions. It helps soothe the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract and may help with cramps or bloating. Calendula also exhibits mild antifungal and antibacterial activity. As a result, it has been used historically for oral health, including treating sore throats, gum inflammation, and mouth ulcers. Although calendula is considered safe, pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult a healthcare provider before using calendula internally.
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a delicate, feathery plant with clusters of small white or pink flowers. One of the primary historical uses of yarrow is for wound healing. The plant contains active compounds that provide anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and astringent effects. These properties help to stop bleeding, disinfect wounds, and accelerate tissue repair. Crushed fresh leaves or poultices have traditionally been applied to cuts and abrasions. Poultices can be made from fresh crushed leaved and are traditionally applied to cuts and abrasions.
Yarrow is also known for its ability to support the circulatory system. It acts as a vasodilator, helping to improve blood flow and reduce high blood pressure. Another key use of yarrow is in treating fevers and colds. It is considered a diaphoretic herb, meaning it promotes sweating and helps the body reduce fever naturally. When taken as a warm tea, yarrow can support the body’s efforts to fight off infections, making it a traditional remedy for flu, colds, and other respiratory illnesses. Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions also assist in relieving sore throats and sinus congestion.
Despite its many benefits, yarrow should be used with some caution. It may cause allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to ragweed or daisies. Long-term or high-dose use should be avoided during pregnancy due to its potential to stimulate uterine contractions.
Please consider giving these plants a try for a more organic and natural remedy for common health issues!
